Basic Unix Commands

This series is for people who love to enter the world of Linux. With the introduction of microservices, a lot of people started to show interest to learn Linux.

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(Here we are not covering any advanced topics. It is for the people who are stepping into the world of Linux. Especially for those who wanted to learn Linux as a stepping stone for Kubernetes.)

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1. tty: Reveals the current terminal.

2. whoami: Displays the currently logged-in user.

3. who am i: Shows session information for the user.

4. su: Switches the user and changes the effective user ID and group ID.

5. who: Lists information about all user sessions on the system.

6. w: Displays session information along with server load average.

7. last: Shows historical data of logged-in user sessions.

8. which: Reveals the full path of a given command.

9. uname:

   • uname -n: Displays the node name (hostname).

   • uname -r: Shows the current running kernel version.

   • uname -a: Provides detailed system information.

10. echo: Prints a string to the standard output.

Example: echo "Hello, welcome to the world of Linux."

In this lab, you will learn essential Unix commands to navigate your system, manage files and directories, and perform tasks.Let's dive in!

1. Navigating the Filesystem

ls - List Files and Directories

Use the ls command to display the contents of the current directory:

ls

pwd - Show Current Working Directory

Check your current working directory:

pwd

cd - Change Directory

Navigate between different folders:

cd /path/to/directory

2. File Operations

mkdir - Create a Directory

Create a new directory:

mkdir my_directory

cp - Copy Files

Move files from one directory to another:

cp file.txt /path/to/destination/

mv - Rename or Move Files

Rename or move files:

mv old_name.txt new_name.txt

rm - Delete Files

Remove files or directories (use with caution):

rm file.txt

3. Text File Operations

cat - Display File Contents

View the contents of a text file:

cat file.txt

grep - Search for Patterns

Search for specific strings in a file:

grep "pattern" file.txt

head and tail - Display First/Last Lines

Show the first or last lines of a text file:

head file.txt
tail file.txt

4. System Information

uname - Get Basic OS Information

Print information about the operating system:

uname -a

uptime - System Uptime

Find out how long the system has been up:

uptime

5. Process Management

ps - List Processes

Display running processes:

ps aux

kill - Terminate a Process

Stop a process (use with caution):

kill PID

6. Networking

ifconfig (or ip) - Show IP Addresses

View network interface information:

ifconfig

ping - Check Host Reachability

Test if a remote host is reachable:

ping google.com

Remember to explore these commands further and practice using them. Feel free to experiment and learn more about Unix! 🚀

Feel free to customize this lab by adding more commands or exercises. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to ask!